Alireza Zahraei Ramazani; Majid Kababian; Hasan Vatandoost; Mozhgan Baniardalani; Seyed Hassan Musa Kazemi; Saideh Yousefi; Amir Hossein Mahvi; Amrullah Azarm; Soudebeh Hamedi Shahraki; Shahrokh Izadi; Zahra Hajivand; Hamed Zahraei Ramazani
Abstract
Background and purpose: Mosquito-borne diseases are serious health problems in many countries around the world, and the widespread distribution of their vectors has a major impact on the transmission and spread of these diseases. Mosquitoes play a key role in transmitting arboviruses such as West Nile, ...
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Background and purpose: Mosquito-borne diseases are serious health problems in many countries around the world, and the widespread distribution of their vectors has a major impact on the transmission and spread of these diseases. Mosquitoes play a key role in transmitting arboviruses such as West Nile, Dengue Fever, Chikungunya, Sindbis, Zika, Rift Valley Fever, Batai virus, Usutu virus, East Horse Encephalitis (EEE), and West Nile Virus (WNV), and also some suspected emerging viral agents, such as SARS-CoV-2 (causative agent of COVID-190) and the Zika Virus in the world.There are several methods for mosquitoes larval control. An important challenge in mosquitoes control programs is their resistance to different groups of insecticides. The ultrasonic device is a novel and natural friendly approach for controlling insecticide resistance mosquitoes.Materials and methods: In this study, Ultrasonic TI-H5 device of Elma Company were used against 4th instar larvae of Culex pipiens under laboratory condition. Different variables including; Electrical power (50,100,200, 250 watts), exposure times (1, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 minutes) at two frequencies of 35, and 130 Kilohertz were employed.Results: Mortality of 4th instar larvae at 35 KH and different exposure time with specific Electronic power was 100%. In 130 KH with increasing exposure time, the mortality was increased.Conclusion: Insecticides are one of the causes of environmental and water pollution. Also, due to the resistance of mosquitoes to insecticides, the new safe, cost-effective and effective method in integrated pest management programs is the control of mosquito larvae using ultrasonic waves.
Hossein Azarpira; Tayebeh Rasolevandi; Rahim Aali; Amirhossein Mahvi; Mohammad Amin Ghorbanpour; Hanieh Moradi; Ali Atamaleki; Maryam Sadeghipour; Zahra Sarlak
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Purpose:Qualitative parameters of drinking water such as concentration of nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, total soluble solids, sodium, magnesium, fluoride, total hardness and electrical conductivity can play an important role in groundwater resources and are mainly related ...
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Abstract
Background and Purpose:Qualitative parameters of drinking water such as concentration of nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, total soluble solids, sodium, magnesium, fluoride, total hardness and electrical conductivity can play an important role in groundwater resources and are mainly related to agriculture, waste disposal areas and sewage. The aim of this study was to determine these parameters in drinking groundwater resource of Saveh city using Geographic Information System during the year of 2018 and investigation of contaminant’s in the region’s aquifer.
Materials and Methods:This research is a descriptive-analytic study. 120 samples of water from 12 drinking water wells were prepared in spring and two times in the morning and afternoon in different parts of the city of Saveh. The quality parameters of drinking water, including concentration of nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, total soluble solids, sodium, magnesium, fluoride, total hardness and electrical conductivity were entered into the GIS software and stored in a database and then processed by the information system software, color mapping was prepared and geographical maps (GIS) were mapped to qualitative status. Also, reverse interpolation was used to estimate the conditions of the whole region.
Findings:The average concentration of chlorine, sulfate, electrical conductivity, total soluble solids, total hardness and sodium exceeds the permissible limits, and the non-qualitative water conditions are quite evident. Also, the amount of two magnesium and sulfate ions was above the standard 1053. It should be kept in mind that the high levels of these two ions can interfere with the digestive system. Fluoride and nitrate levels were also acceptable range in all areas.
Conclusion:The highest deviation level from 1053 standard was for total soluble solids, sodium, magnesium, and sulfate. It is better to consider a comprehensive program to solve the problem, including use of nanotechnology, filtering or ion exchange.
Majid Mirzabeygi; Abbas Abbasnia; Mojtaba sajadi; Javad Salimi; Mojtaba sajadi; Esmail harasi; Amir Hossein Mahvi
Abstract
Background & Objective: Having an access to safe drinking water, which is considered as one of the health indicators by World Health Organization (WHO), has great importance for relevant authorities of different communities. Thus this study aimed to determine amounts of heavy metals and compare them ...
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Background & Objective: Having an access to safe drinking water, which is considered as one of the health indicators by World Health Organization (WHO), has great importance for relevant authorities of different communities. Thus this study aimed to determine amounts of heavy metals and compare them with national and international standards. Materials & Methods: In this cross sectional study, drinking water samples were taken from 41 main drinking water supplies in villages of Torbat-e Heydariyeh city according to the standard method and transferred to the laboratory. These samples were analyzed by mean of atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AA240FS).Finally, obtained data were analyzed using Arc-GIS (v. 10.3) and excel (v.2010) softwares. Results: The attained results revealed that the mean concentrations of metals including Cadmium, lead and Chromium were (0.59±0.17), (1.8±1.7) and (33.5±33.4) mg/l, respectively, in drinking water wells of rural regions of Torbat-e Heydariyeh . These amounts were in optimal ranges. While chromium concentrations were more than recommended permissible levels of WHO and national standards in 11 villages. Conclusion: The mean concentrations of measured metals were lower than the recommended permissible levels by WHO in more cases of considered wells in villages of Torbat-e Heydarieh=. However, forregions in which the concentrations of heavy metals do not meet the standards, a comprehensive study is recommended to determine the heavy metal-related diseases in dry and wet seasons.
Majid Mirzabeygi; amirhossein Mahvi; Mozhgan Naji; Abbas Abbasnia
Abstract
Background & Objective:One of the most complicated and costly problems associated with drinking water providing, is called as corrosion. Corrosion processes can cause pitting problems, reducing lifetime of water utilities and loss of water which can lead to high cost. Therefore the aim of this study ...
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Background & Objective:One of the most complicated and costly problems associated with drinking water providing, is called as corrosion. Corrosion processes can cause pitting problems, reducing lifetime of water utilities and loss of water which can lead to high cost. Therefore the aim of this study is to determine the corrosion and scaling indices of rural drinking water resources of Khorasan Razavi. Material & Methods:In this cross sectional study to evaluate water quality characteristics in the Khorasan Razavi resources, 879 samples were taken during 2013 were analyzed based on standard manual method book. Five indices including Langlier, Ryznar, Puckorius, Larson-Skold and Aggressiveness Index were programed in Excel software then scaling potential and corrosiveness of rural water of Khorasan razavi was studied. Results: The results indicated that values of Langlier equals 0.33 ±0.14, Ryznar equals 7.36 ±0.37,Puckorius equals 7.4 ±0.6, Larson Ratio is equal to 2.1±1.4 and Aggressiveness Index equals 12.03 ±0.18. Conclusions: In comparison of five stability indices, it was found that drinking water in the study area is corrosive. Thus essential actions for reducing corrosion and corrosion by-products, health and economic loss are required.